The book of 1 Samuel records the transition from the time of the judges (theocracy) to the time of the kings (monarchy). Israel rejected God as their King in favor of a human king. Samuel was the last of the judges (Judges 7:15) and the first of the national prophets (Acts 3:24, 13:20-23). He anointed Saul as the first king and then David his successor. The book of 2 Samuel records the establishment of the kingdom under David.
Outline:
1. Samuel: The Last of the Judges (1 Sam 1-7)
A. Birth and Childhood (1-2)
B. Call and Office (3)
C. Ministry (4-7)
Il. Saul: The First of the Kings (1 Sam 8-15)
A. Becomes King (8-10)
B. Early Victories (11-12)
C. Sins and Rejection (13-15)
III. David: The Anointed Successor (1 Sam 16 to 2 Sam 24)
A. Shepherd (1 Sam 16-17)
B. Servant (1 Sam 18-19)
C. Exile (1 Sam 20-31)
D. King (2 Sam 1-24)